Background
Syria has been engulfed in conflicts since 2011. Many people were unhappy with the government relating to unemployment, corruption, and lack of political freedom, which eventually took the form of peaceful protests. However, these peaceful protests were met with opposition by the government. The government tried to crush this rebellion, which resulted in the massive protests giving way to war.
What is happening ?
After 14 years of civil war, the Assad regime had fallen in Syria. On one side there is renewed hope in people meeting their families and friends who had been displaced. On the other hand, uncertainty lurks over the country, and people are reliant on humanitarian aid. They don’t even have adequate shelter, food, or resources to protect themselves from unpredictable winter.
Source- The Times of Israel
Who is involved in the Syrian conflicts?
The Syrian crisis has many players who are shaping the politics of this country. The conflict began as a protest against the Syrian government, President Bashar al-Assad. Reports show that after a lot of protests, Assad fled Syria to Russia, leaving the country in turmoil. There are many groups who are involved in the conflicts and fighting with each other. The conflict is also shaped by the involvement of international powers such as Russia and Iran backing the Syrian government and Turkey and Arab states supporting the opposition.
Source- The Independent
Condition of Syria
This political ruckus has left Syria in upheaval with around 12 million people on the move, leaving their homes because of instability. The shortage of basic facilities, soaring food prices, and electricity blackouts have caused dire conditions for displaced people in the middle of tumult The majority of the refugees of Syria have fled to neighboring countries like Lebanon, Jordan, and Turkey. Some of the people have taken shelter in countries like Europe, Iraq, Egypt, and North Africa.
Insurgents in the country set the ex-president Bashar Assad’s father, Hafiz Assad’s, tomb on fire. Both of the leaders governed with authoritarian control, and their reign was marked with brutal massacres.
Source- The Hindu
Interim government
Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) became the most powerful opposition group after the downfall of Assad’s regime. Even though this group has been classified as terrorist by the US and Turkey, it was quick to resort to action. HTS deployed police, formed an interim government, and initiated talks with foreign envoys. Mohammed al-Bashir has been appointed as an interim president till 1 March, 2025.
Despite its Islamic background and classification as a terrorist group, the interim government has promised to restore the conditions of Syria and will respect minorities and foster inclusivity. However, doubts still linger about their sincerity.
